Comprehensive Assessment of Pollution Sources and Health Impacts in Suburban Area of Shanghai

Shanghai, one of China’s largest metropolises, faces significant environmental pollution challenges due to rapid economic development. Suburban areas Shanghai are affected by both long-distance transport and local sources pollutants. This study conducted an integrated analysis that links health-risk assessment heavy metals source apportionment atmospheric constituents distinguish the contributions emission major health risks. Source-apportionment revealed secondary had greatest contribution pollutants, indicating influence peripheral transport. Health-risk Cr, Ni, As, Cd residents were exposed respiratory risks, in which Cr is contributor. risk was primarily associated with emissions from nearby industry-related sources. Our highlights effects on composition human large urban agglomerations. The findings can inform future efforts develop more precise emission-reduction strategies policy improvements mitigate protect public health.